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Allen Memorial Library

VCSU Library Citation Guide

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Hannah Beebe
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Journal of Wildlife Management Basics

  • All citations should be double spaced
  • Indent after the first line of each entry
  • Entries are not numbered
  • If an element is not present, omit it
  • Alphabetize by the first word of the entry
  • Enter author's last name followed by first and middle initials
  • Capitalize ONLY the first word of a title, the first word of a subtitle, and proper nouns in titles of books and articles, no matter how they appear in a database or catalog. 

Elements of a Citation

Author The creator of the source. Usually a person (or people) - can also be an organization, company, government body, etc. 
Date of Publication The date the source was created
Article Title An article is a written composition on a topic of interest, which forms a separate part of a book, magazine or newspaper.
Journal Title Journal is a type of magazine which contains articles and other descriptions on a particular discipline or professional activities.
Volume  volume typically refers to the number of years the publication has been circulated
Issue issue refers to how many times that periodical has been published during that year
Page Range Page range of the entire article should be included in bibliography, not just the page you used for information
DOI or URL DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is a string of characters used to permanently identify an article or document and link to it on the web. If citing an electronic source a DOI or URL should be included.
Publisher The company that published the source, often a university press

First Page

Single-space the following information in the upper left corner:

date (update with each revision)

author’s name,

address,

telephone

e-mail

Bibliography

Use Hanging Indent citations [in Word, highlight text, right click, select Paragraph, and choose “Hanging” under Indentation: ]

  • List your references or sources used beginning on a new page, not following the conclusion paragraph(s).
  • May use Works Cited, Bibliography, or Literature Cited as the page heading.  
  • Center the heading (Works Cited, Bibliography, etc.) at the top of the Works Cited page.
  • List references alphabetically by author/editor last name.  If no author/editor is present, alphabetize by title of the work, omitting initial A, An, or The.
  • Double space citations [in Word, highlight text, right click, select Paragraph, and choose “Double” under Spacing: ]
  • Double space between each reference listed.

 

Basic Format

AuthorLastName, A. A.  Year of Publication. Title of book. Publisher, Place of Publication.

Edited Book (no author)                                                                                            

EditorLastName, E. E., editor.  Year of Publication. Title of book. Publisher, Place of Publication.

Chapter in an Edited Book                                                                                             

AuthorLastName, A. A. Year of Publication.  Title of chapter.  Pages ##-## in E.E. EditorLastName, editor. Title of Book.  Publisher, Place of Publication.

Multi Volume Work                                                                                                      

AuthorLastName, A. A.  Year of Publication. Title of book. Volume #. Publisher, Place of Publication.

Basic Format                                                                                                               

AuthorLastName, A. A., and B. B. AuthorLastName. Year of Publication. Title of Article.  Title of Journal Volume #(Issue #): Full Page range.

Zelenak, J. R., and J. J. Rotella.  1997.  Nest success and productivity of ferruginous hawks in northern Montana.  Canadian Journal of Zoology 75:233-237. 

 

Report by Government Agency or Other Organization

Government Agency/Organization. Date of Publication.  Title of Publication. Edition Number.  Publisher, Place of Publication. 

Report by Individual Authors at Government Agency or Other Organization

AuthorLastName, A.A.. Date of Publication.  Title of Publication. Edition Number.  Publisher, Place of Publication. 

Basic Format

AuthorLastName, A. A.  Date of Publication. Title of thesis/dissertation. Source Type, Institution Name, Place of publication.


Website 

Author/Organization Name. Date of Publication. Web page name. <URL>.  Accessed Day Month Year.

Newspaper, Newsletters, and Magazine Articles

AuthorLastName, A.A. Year of Publication.  Title of Article. Title of Newspaper/Magazine/Newsletter. Volume; page range. 

Authors & In-Text Citations in Journal of Wildlife Management

- When listing author in bibliography use last name and first initial; only use last name in the in-text citation.

- If you name the author in the sentence, omit the author name in the in-text citation.

  In-Text          Bibliography
Single Author

(Smith 2021)

Smith, J. 
Two Authors

(Smith and Thompson 2021). 

Smith, J., and E. Thompson.
3 - 9  Authors

(Smith et al. 2021). 

List by their last names and initials (only first author is backwards). Separate author names with a comma.
10 or more Authors (Smith et al. 2021).  List the first 10 by their last names and initials (only first author is backwards) followed by et al. Separate author names with a comma.